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Maxillaria Toxicity in Dogs
Maxillaria, a genus of orchids, contains the toxic compound calcium oxalate. When ingested, it can cause:
- Ingestion:
- Intense burning and irritation of the mouth, esophagus, and stomach
- Skin contact:
- Irritation, redness, and swelling
- Eye contact:
- Conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration, and blindness
Symptoms:
- Ingestion:
- Excessive drooling
- Vomiting (may contain blood)
- Diarrhea
- Difficulty breathing
- Tremors
- Seizures
- Skin contact:
- Itching
- Redness
- Eye contact:
- Squinting
- Eye discharge
What to Do:
1. Remove Exposure:
- If your dog ingested Maxillaria, do not induce vomiting.
- If there is skin contact, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
- If there is eye contact, flush it with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
2. Contact Your Veterinarian Immediately:
- Provide a detailed description of what happened.
- Bring in any remaining plant material for identification.
3. Treatment:
- Ingestion:
- Intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration
- Medications to reduce inflammation and pain
- Antibiotics to prevent infection
- Skin contact:
- Topical ointments or creams
- Eye contact:
- Ophthalmic ointments or drops
- May require hospitalization
4. Monitoring and Prognosis:
- Your veterinarian will monitor your dog's condition closely.
- The prognosis depends on the amount ingested and the severity of the symptoms.
- Most dogs recover within a few days with proper treatment.
Prevention:
- Keep Maxillaria and other toxic plants out of your dog's reach.
- Train your dog to avoid plants.
- Supervise your dog when they are outside.
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