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Western Elderberry Ingestion in Dogs
Western elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is generally considered safe for human consumption, but it can be toxic to dogs. The toxic substance is a cyanogenic glycoside called sambunigrin, which can release cyanide when ingested.
Symptoms of Western Elderberry Poisoning in Dogs:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Lethargy
- Cyanosis (bluish-purple gums or lips)
- Respiratory distress
- Seizures
- Paralysis
What to Do if Your Dog Ingested Western Elderberry:
1. Induce Vomiting:
- If the dog recently ingested the elderberry (within 2 hours), induce vomiting with hydrogen peroxide (3%).
- Administer 1 teaspoon of 3% hydrogen peroxide per 5 pounds of body weight.
- Do not induce vomiting if the dog is unconscious, has seizures, or is vomiting blood.
2. Contact Your Veterinarian Immediately:
- Call your veterinarian if you suspect your dog has ingested western elderberry.
- Provide the veterinarian with as much information as possible, including:
- The type and amount of elderberry ingested
- The time of ingestion
- Any symptoms your dog is showing
3. Administer Activated Charcoal:
- If the veterinarian recommends it, administer activated charcoal to absorb the toxins.
- Follow the veterinarian's instructions for dosage and administration.
4. Monitor for Symptoms:
- Observe your dog closely for signs of poisoning.
- Contact your veterinarian immediately if any symptoms develop.
5. Provide Supportive Care:
- Keep your dog warm and hydrated.
- If your dog is vomiting or has diarrhea, offer small amounts of clear liquids frequently.
- Monitor your dog's breathing and heart rate regularly.
Prognosis:
The prognosis for dogs who ingest western elderberry depends on several factors, including:
- The amount of elderberry ingested
- The speed of treatment
- The severity of symptoms
With prompt treatment, most dogs recover fully. However, severe poisoning can be fatal.
Prevention:
- Keep western elderberry plants out of reach of dogs.
- Supervise your dog when it is outdoors.
- If you see your dog eating any unknown plants, contact your veterinarian immediately.
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