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Nicotiana Ingestion in Dogs: Emergency Action Plan
Step 1: Call for Veterinary Assistance
- Immediately contact your veterinarian or the nearest animal emergency clinic. Nicotine is a toxic substance and prompt medical attention is crucial.
Step 2: Identify the Type of Nicotiana
- Determine the source of the ingestion (e.g., cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, nicotine patches).
- Different types of Nicotiana contain varying levels of nicotine, affecting the severity of symptoms.
Step 3: Symptoms to Watch For
- Gastrointestinal: Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, excessive salivation
- Nervous system: Seizures, tremors, weakness, incoordination, dilated pupils
- Cardiovascular: Increased heart rate, arrhythmias, low blood pressure
- Respiratory: Respiratory depression, difficulty breathing
Step 4: First Aid Measures
- DO NOT induce vomiting. This can worsen the absorption of nicotine.
- Remove the source of nicotine. Keep the dog away from cigarettes or other tobacco products.
- Monitor the dog's breathing. If breathing becomes shallow or labored, administer rescue breathing if necessary.
- Keep the dog warm. Nicotine ingestion can lower body temperature.
Step 5: Veterinary Treatment
- Decontamination: Veterinary staff may pump the dog's stomach to remove any remaining nicotine.
- Supportive Care: Treatment will focus on managing symptoms such as seizures, respiratory depression, and cardiovascular issues.
- Medication: Anti-seizure medications, bronchodilators, and other supportive drugs may be administered.
Additional Tips:
- If possible, bring the suspected source of nicotine ingestion to the vet for identification.
- Keep the dog away from children and other animals, as nicotine can be transferred through saliva.
- Be aware that recovery from nicotine poisoning can take several days to weeks.
- Follow the veterinarian's instructions carefully regarding medication administration and follow-up care.
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