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Immediate Actions:
- Call your veterinarian immediately. This is a medical emergency.
- Do not induce vomiting. This can worsen the situation by potentially puncturing the gastrointestinal tract.
- Keep your dog calm and comfortable. Restrict activity to prevent further absorption of the toxic compound.
Toxicology:
Osmanthus plants and their fruit (osmanthus berries) contain a toxic compound called cyanogenic glycosides. These compounds release cyanide when metabolized, which can be fatal to dogs.
Clinical Signs:
The severity of clinical signs will depend on the amount of osmanthus material ingested. Signs may include:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Respiratory distress
- Dilated pupils
- Seizures
- Coma
Treatment:
Treatment will depend on the severity of poisoning and may include:
- Decontamination: This involves administering activated charcoal to adsorb the toxin from the gastrointestinal tract.
- Antidote: Sodium thiosulfate is an antidote that can bind to and neutralize cyanide.
- Gastric lavage: Flushing the stomach to remove remaining plant material may be necessary.
- Intravenous fluids: Fluids will help support hydration and flush the toxins from the system.
- Oxygen therapy: Severe poisoning may require supplemental oxygen.
- Close monitoring: The dog will need to be closely monitored for several hours or days to ensure recovery.
Prognosis:
The prognosis depends on the amount of osmanthus ingested and the severity of clinical signs. With prompt treatment, the majority of dogs can recover fully. However, severe poisoning can be fatal.
Prevention:
- Keep osmanthus plants and berries out of reach of dogs.
- Be aware of the potential toxicity of plants in your yard and neighborhood.
- Supervise your dog whenever they are outdoors.
- Educate children about the dangers of ingesting unknown plants.
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